Organic fluorine compounds



. PatentedNov. 24, 1959 where R Y and n have the values given above, with I sulfur. 2914566 Among the secondary iodides to which the invention ORGANIC FLUORINE COMPOUNDS is applicable the following may be cited as exemplary: Murray Hauptschein, Montgomery County, Milton Braid, 6 C F [CF CF(CF I Philadelphia, and Francis E. Lawlor, Montgomery CF C1CF(CF [CF CF(CF )]I County, Pa., assignors to Pennsalt Chemicals orpo- CF2CICF(CF3) [CF2CF(CFBC1)] 21 ration, a corporation of Pennsylvania CHF2CFZECF2CF(CHFZ)]3I No Drawing. Application March 15, 1957 2 2 s) 3 Serial No. 646,202 g CHFglCF [EF CF ((:CHF 1 C Br[C CF F I C F [CF CF(CHF I This invention relates to certain new organic com- 2 2 2 s) a pounds containing both fluorine and sulfur. 3 7 2 s) 1o The desirability of introducing fluorine into organic cFaclcF a) [CF2CF a) 1o compounds has been recognized. In general, the presence of fluorine gives much greater chemical and thermal stability than would be present in analogous compounds not containing fluorine. Such properties are highly desirable in many industrial applications; as, for example,

in high pressure lubricants.

The reaction is, in general, conducted at a temperature between about 150 C. and about 300 C., preferably between about 160 C. and about 200C. Pressure is not a critical fiactor. In general it will be between atmospheric and about 10,000 p.s.i.g. Time of reaction is again not critical and may be from a matter of say ten It has f p found that certain .secondary q minutes to several days. The proportion of sulfur used nated organic iodides can be reacted with sulfur to give will depend to some extent upon the amount of Sulfur seljies of branched chain. pqlysulfides whlcil useful 7 it is desired to have in the final product. Generally bem hlgh pressure gear lubrication and as cuttmg.ofls' In tween about two and about 20 mols of sulfur (S) will be another aspect of the invention it has been discovered f present, per mol 0 iodide. I that .certam these riolysulfiqes. may reacted i In carrying out the. invention any suitable technique chlimne to glve fluorilie'contmning Sulfenyl chlondeis may be employed. Conveniently, the ingredients are Whlch useful isgddltwes m" hlgh pressure gear lubn' simply put into a suitable vessel, such as-a stainless steel i lfid t hi h th or Monel autoclave or a glass vessel, in an inert atmos- P 5 5 5 es z 0 m l phere, and heated to the required temperature with stirventlon 13 cc 6 ave t e gener om a ring. In certain cases, particularly when the secondary f 2 n r 2 n f iodide is a solid, it may be desirable to use an inert solwhere the R substituents are selected from the class convent, such as a fluorochloroalloane, as the reaction medisisting of chlorine, fluorine and halogenoalkyl groups um. Alternatively, the reaction may be carried out by free from iodine and preferably having not more than passing the reactants through a heated tube.

about 6 carbon atoms; where the Y substituents are se- 40 As pointed out above, the novel polysulfides are inleoted from the class consisting of chloroalkyl, fluorotermediates for the preparation of novel sulfenyl chlorides alkyl and fluorochloroalleyl groups preferably having not having the general formula more than about 3 carbon atoms; where the n symbols represent numbers from 1 to about 10 and where x is Rf [CFaCFZLZSCl from 2 to about 5. Preferably R and Y are perfluorowhere R, is selected from the class consisting of chlorine, alkyl or perfluorochloroalkyl groups having,'in the case fluorine, perfiuoroalkyl and perfluorochloralkyl groups of R not more than about 6 carbon atoms and, in the preferably having not more than about 6 carbon atoms;

case of Y, not more than about 3 carbon atoms. where Z is selected from the class consisting of perfluoro- It will be understood that the invention includes comalkyl and perfluorochloroalkyl groups having preferably pounds where the two R substituents are the same or not more than about 3 carbon atoms; and where nis ditferent; where the two Y substituents are the same or from 1 to about 10. In accordance with the invention different; and where the two ns are the same or different. these compounds are made by reacting polysulfides of As used in this application a halogenoalkyl group is the type a substituted alkyl group containing halogen and carbon. RACF2CFZLL Sz [CFZCF2]nRf,

It may also contain hydrogen.

A y group means a Substituted alkyl g P where R Z and n and x have the values given above, Containing Chlorine and a It y also Contain with chlorine. This reaction is preferably conducted at hydrogen. a temperature between about 20 C. and about 250 C.,

Afl\10r0a1ky1 group means a substituted yl group usually between about 50 C. and about 150 c. Prescontal'nlllg fluorine and Carbon- It y also Gonna-in y- 0 sure is not critical and will normally be from atmospheric drogen. to about 10,000 p.s.i.g. Reaction time is again not A m y g p means a Substituted alkyl critical and may range from say 10 minutes to several group containing fluorine, chlorine and carbon- It y days. Chlorine should be present in proportions rangalso contain hydrogen. ing from about 1 to about 10 mols (C1 per mol of A perfluoroalkyl group means a substituted alkyl polysulfide,

group containing only fluorine and carbon. Again, the particular manipulation technique by means A pefflumochlofoalky group is a Substituted alkyl of which the reaction is carried out is not important.

g p Containing y fluorine, Chlorine and caIlJOIl- Conveniently the polysulfide is put into a pressure vessel Compounds of the yp described are Prepared, in with the required amount of chlorine and heated to recordaflce with the invent-i011, y reacting Secondary action temperature. Alternatively, the reaction can he hated iodides 0f the general formula carried out by passing the chlorine and polysulfide through R,[cF,cFY1,,I a hot tube.

The invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, it being understood that these examples are given for purposes of illustration only and are not to be taken asin any waylimiting the invention beyondlthe scope of the appended claims.

7 EXAMPLE I p The reaction of'Z-iodoperfluorohexane with sulfur Forty-eight grams (0.108 '-mole) of 2-iodoperfluorohexane and 33.5 g. of sublimed sulfur were charged into a 300 ml. Monel-autoclaveundera dry nitrogen atmosphere. The sealed autoclave was heated-in a shaker at 172176 C. for 112"hours. The autoclave was cooled to room temperature and vented in vacuo -to a Dry Icecooled trap. No-volatile material was collected in this trap. From the autoclave was drained an oil shown to be [C F CF(CF $,,red in color dueto a small amount of dissolved iodine, boiling point 87 C. (8 mm.)-ca.

103 C. (0.1 mm.). Only 0.9 g. (0.003 mole) of 2- iodoperfluorohexane wasrecovered, and 41g. of a hard stick of a mixture of sulfur and iodine was collected.

Careful rectification of the 30g. of crude oil collected gave the pure compounds shown in the table below. Based on the determined average value of 3 for x in [C F CF(CF S the conversion was 76% and the yield was 78%.

EXAMPLE VI Following the procedure of Example V, the compound C3Fq 15Sz 5aV- 5C3Fq is reacted with four times the stoichiometric amount of chlorine to give the compound C F [CF CF(CF SCL A mixture of this compoundand the product of Example III (where n=2 and x=2.5 av.) is useful for lubricating the bearings of laboratory stirring apparatus.

EXAMPLE VII Following the procedure of Example V,

PERFLUORO2HEXYL POLYSULFIDES 3.1. Analysis, percent lF9G a) 12 value m; t., 0. Carbon Sulfur Gale. Found Cale. Found 94 8 1. 3300 23 20. 5 20. 4 9. 1 1 9. 6 66 0. 1 1. 3469 28. 8 19. 6 19. 5 13. 1 12. 8 ca. 80 0. 1 l. 3791 20 18. 8 19. 2 l8. 7 l6. 7 Residuesviscous 1. 3975 19. 5 18. 1 1S. 0 20. 1 l9. 6

Analysis.-Calcd. for GnFraSr: F, 70.34. Found: 70.7.

EXAMPLE II The procedure of Example lwas repeated in a sealed Pyrex tube at 180 C. for 75 hours with similar results.

EXAMPLE 111 The reaction of C F [CF CF(CF )],,1 with sulfur By a procedure similar to Example I, the products C F [FC CF(CF;,-)],,S -[CF(CF CF ],,C F where n=25 and x=25 are formed from the corresponding telomer iodides, C F [CF CF(CF )],,l where 11:2-5.

The compound where n=2 and x=2.5 average is an oily material which is useful for lubricating the bearings of laboratory stirring apparatus.

EXAMPLE IV The compounds CF ClCF(CF )[CF CF(CF T are heated at 180 F. with a 10 molar excess of sulfur, using the general technique of Example 1. Products having the formula CF ClCF( C1 [CF CF(CF S [(CF) CFCF CF CFCF Cl are obtained.

EXAMPLE V is reacted with a 5 molar excess of chlorine (C1 at C. for two hours to give From the foregoing description it will be observed that the present invention provides a simple, convenient process for making organic compounds containing both fluorine and sulfur. The oily materials obtained in Examples I through IV are useful in cutting oils, particularly where x is 3 to 5. They are also useful as extreme pressure lubricant additives, for example, in the lubrication of hypoid gears. The sulfenyl chlorides of Examples V through VII may be used in extreme pressure lubricants Where they act as anti-wear additives. They also have fungicidal properties.

What is claimed is:

1. Compounds having the formula where the R; substituents are selected from the class con sisting of chlorine, fluorine, and halogenoalkyl groups free from iodine having not more than about 6 carbon atoms; where x is from 2 to about 5; and where the :1 symbols represent numbers from 1 to about 10.

2. A method for making compounds of the formula on org Rf- CFz-GF -s. or-ori m where the R substituents are selected from the class consisting of chlorine, fluorine and halogenalkyl groups free from iodine having not more than about 6 carbon atoms;

where x is from 2 to about 5; and where the n symbols represent numbers from 1 to about 10; which comprises reacting a secondary iodide having the formula:

C F a 11: [0 Fri F ]I with sulfur.

C F [CF CF(CF ],.S [CF(CF CF C F- where the n symbols represent numbers from 1 to about 10 and x is from 2 to about 5.

6. Compounds having the formula where the 1: symbols represent numbers from 1 to about 10 and x is from 2 to about 5.

7. The method claimed in claim 2 wherein R is a perfluoroalkyl group having not more than about 6 carbon atoms.

8. The method claimed in claim 2 wherein R is a perfluorochloroalkyl group having not more than about 6 carbon atoms.

9. A method for making compounds of the formula where the n symbols represent numbers from 1 to about,

10 and x is 2 to about 5, which comprises reacting with sulfur.

10. A method for making compounds of the formula Where the n symbols represent numbers from 1 to about 10 and x is from 2 to about 5, which comprises reacting CF CICF (CF )[CF CF(CF ],,-I with sulfur.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,451,411 Raasch Oct. 12, 1948 2,484,061 Wood Oct. 11, 1949 2,545,285 Kamlet Mar. 13, 1951 2,560,421 Eby July 10, 1951 2,695,316

McBride Nov. 23, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No, 2,914,566 November 24, 1959 I-Ieuptschein et al6 It is hereby certified that error appears in the -printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 3, line 52, the formula should appear as shown below instead of as in the patent;

Signed and sealed this 31st day of May 1960,

(SEAL) Attest:

KARL H.7 AXLINE Attesting Officer ROBERT C. WATSON Commissioner of Patents 

1. COMPOUNDS HAVING THE FORMULA
 2. A METHOD FOR MAKING COMPOUNDS OF THE FORMULA 